Class 8 Maths Chapter 1 introduces the concept of Rational Numbers, which is the collection of Integers, Natural Numbers, Whole Numbers, Decimal, and Fractions.
In this chapter the students explore the properties of Rational Numbers; the closure property, commutativity, associativity, and distributive properties for Rational numbers, integers, and whole numbers for Addition, Multiplication, Division, and Subtraction. Multiplicative inverse/reciprocal and negative of a number is also introduced in this chapter. Questions based on all these concepts are covered in Ex 1.1 of Class 8 Maths’ Chapter 1.
In Exercise 1.2 Class 8 Maths, students learn to draw Rational Numbers on Number Line and learn ways to find rational numbers between 2 given rational numbers.
Chapter 2: Linear Equations In One Variable (solutions)
In Chapter 2 of Class 8 Maths, the concepts of variable, constant, equality are discussed to explain the terms like algebraic expression and equations. Immediately afterward students learn how to solve linear equations in one variable through examples. The same sort of simple linear one-variable equations with ‘variables on one side and the numbers on the other side’ are given in Exercise 2.1.
Similar question-type is covered in Exercise 2.2, but in the form of problem sums; the students learn to convert the problem sum into linear equations in one variable. Class 8 Maths Exercise 2.3 somewhat tricky linear equations that have variables on both sides and students learn to solve them using the transposing method.
Questions of exercise 2.4 are based on applications of linear equations in one variable in day to day life; the students must reduce the problem sums into the mathematical expression to solve them. Exercise 2.5 has questions that cover complex linear equations in one variable that must be converted into simpler forms. The last exercise 2.6 consists of miscellaneous questions.
Chapter 3: Understanding Quadrilaterals (solutions)
Class 8 NCERT Maths book Chapter 3 is all about Quadrilaterals and starts with the concepts of closed figures which further moves onto polygons which are closed figures made from line segments. Various polygons are discussed like triangles (smallest polygons), quadrilaterals, pentagons, etc. In Exercise 3.1 the interior and exterior angles of a polygon are discussed with relation to the number of sides the polygon has. The exercise also covers the topics of convex and concave polygons, their diagonals, the relationship between angle sum property of a polygon and its sides. Exercise 3.2 is totally based on the property of the measure of the exterior angle of a polygon. Exercise 3.3 explores the questions based on quadrilaterals like Trapezium, Kite, //gms, and their angles & diagonals. Questions based on the properties of rectangles, Rhombus, and Squares are covered in Exercise 3.4.
Chapter 4: Practical Geometry
In Chapter 4 of Class 8 Maths NCERT book, students learn to construct various quadrilaterals. In Exercise 4.1 students learn to construct quadrilaterals when four sides and one diagonal is given in the questions. Exercise 4.2 covers questions where students have to draw figures for the quadrilaterals when three sides and 2 diagonals are given. Exercise 4.3 has questions related to constructing quadrilaterals when 2 adjacent sides and 3 angles are given. Questions with three sides and 2 angles are covered in Exercise 4.4. Exercise 4.5 has questions about constructing quadrilaterals with known properties like rectangle etc.
Chapter 5: Data Handling (solutions)
Chapter 5 of Class 8 Maths NCERT book begins with concepts like lower limit, upper limit, range, class intervals, class size, and class width. Graphical representation of data through histogram and bar graphs is covered in Exercise 5.1. In Exercise 5.2 the nongraphical representation of data, circle graph, or pie chart is covered. Exercise 5.3 is all about probability.
Chapter 6: Square And Square Roots (solutions)
Chapter 6 of Class 8 Maths NCERT book consists of questions related to squares and students learn about how to find the unit digit of the number we get by squaring a number. Various methods of representing squares are discussed as well as patterns. All these concepts are covered in the question of Exercise 6.1.
Exercise 6.2 has questions through which students learn to find a square of a number by expanding it and using identities. The concept of ‘Pythagorean triplets’ is also covered in this exercise.
In Exercise 6.3 students learn how to solve square roots using prime factorization and methods like repeated subtraction, whereas Exercise 6.4 covers the Division method to find square roots.
Chapter 7: Cube And Cube Roots (solutions)
In chapter 7 of class 8’s Maths NCERT book, the concepts of cube and cube root are covered. Exercise 7.1 teaches students the methods of finding whether a given number is a cube or not using the prime factorization method. The exercise also explains how to convert a noncube number into a cube number through multiplication or division. In Exercise 7.2 students learn how to find the cube root of a given number by using the prime factorization method.
Chapter 8: Comparing Quantities (solutions)
The concepts of ratio and proportion are covered in Chapter 8 of class 8th’s Maths NCERT book. Exercise 8.1 covers the basics of ratio and proportion covered in previous classes. Exercise 8.2 has questions based on the concepts of percentage like finding an increase/decrease percentage, profit & loss percentage, sales tax, and VAT-related questions. The concepts of Simple interest and compound interest plus questions based on their everyday life applications are covered in Exercise 8.3.
Chapter 9: Algebraic Expressions And Identities (solutions)
In Exercise 9.1 of Chapter 9 of class 8th’s NCERT book, the basic concepts of algebraic expressions are covered. Students learn about different types of expressions based on the number of terms (monomials, binomials, and trinomials) and their highest degree. The exercise also covers the concepts of like and unlike terms, their addition and subtraction.
Exercise 9.2 questions teach students how to multiply a monomial with one or more monomials. Questions from Exercise 9.3 are about multiplying a monomial by a binomial and a trinomial. In Exercise 9.4 students learn how to multiply a binomial by a binomial and a binomial by a trinomial. Exercise 9.5 introduces identities and identity-based questions are covered.
Chapter 10: Visualizing Solid Shapes
In Class 8 Maths Chapter 10 students learn that 3-dimensional objects look different when observed from different positions/angles. In Exercise 10.1, 3-D object’s Side view, Front view, & Top view are introduced. The concept of mapping places & spaces is covered in Exercise 10.2. In Exercise 10.3, students learn how to find the Edges, Faces, and Vertices of a 3-D object using Euler’s Formula (F + V – E = 2).
Chapter 11: Mensuration (solutions)
Chapter 11 of Class 8th Maths NCERT is all about Mensuration. Exercise 11.1 has questions related to concepts done in Class 7; simple questions based on the perimeter and area of 2D figures like square, rectangles & other figures which are a combination of circles, semicircles, rectangles, and squares. Exercise 11.2 covers ‘Area of Trapezium’ and other quadrilaterals when a perpendicular or a diagonal is given. Exercise 11.3 is all about the surface area of the cube, cuboid, and other figures like a cylinder. In Exercise 11.4, for the same figures, students learn to calculate the volume.
Chapter 12: Exponents And Powers (solutions)
In Class 8 Chapter 12 of NCERT Maths, students get familiar with the laws of exponents, which are covered in exercise 12.1. Exercise 12.2 students learn to convert a given number into the standard or scientific form.
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